Shipping and customs
Incoterms, shipping bills and customs clearance, containers and forwarders, courier exports and certificates of origin.
5 articles
Incoterms 2020 for Indian exporters: which term, who pays, who insuresThe 11 Incoterms 2020 rules in one table, which ones suit Indian MSMEs, why FCA beats FOB for containers, and the CIF versus CIP insurance trap.
Export customs clearance: from shipping bill to let export orderHow an export consignment clears Indian customs: filing the shipping bill on ICEGATE, assessment, examination, let export order, EGM, and how IGST refund, drawback and
FCL or LCL, container types and working with freight forwardersWhen to ship a full container or share one, what fits in a 20-foot, 40-foot and high cube, how to read a freight quote, and how to pick a forwarder and customs broker.
Courier and e-commerce exports: CSB-V, postal exports and Dak Ghar Niryat KendrasHow small parcels and e-commerce orders leave India: courier exports under CSB-V (no value cap since April 2026), postal exports through Dak Ghar Niryat Kendras, and
Certificates of origin: preferential and non-preferential, and how to get oneThe difference between preferential and non-preferential certificates of origin, who issues each, how to apply on DGFT's eCoO platform, and the rules of origin basics